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8.1 Application Information The LM3481 may be operated in either continuous or discontinuous conduction mode. The following applications are designed for continuous conduction operation. This mode of operation has higher efficiency and lower EMI characteristics than the discontinuous mode. 8.2 Typical Applications 8.2.1 Boost Converter Figure 30. Typical High Efficiency Step-Up (Boost) Converter using LM3481 The most common topology for the LM3481 is the boost or step-up topology. The boost converter converts a low input voltage into a higher output voltage. The basic configuration for a boost regulator is shown in Figure 31. In continuous conduction mode (when the inductor current never reaches zero at steady state), the boost regulator operates in two cycles. In the first cycle of operation, MOSFET Q is turned on and energy is stored in the inductor. During this cycle, diode D1 is reverse biased and load current is supplied by the output capacitor, COUT. In the second cycle, MOSFET Q is off and the diode is forward biased. The energy stored in the inductor is transferred to the load and output capacitor. The ratio of these two cycles determines the output voltage. The output voltage is defined as: (19) (ignoring the voltage drop across the MOSFET and the diode), or (20) where D is the duty cycle of the switch, VD1 is the forward voltage drop of the diode, and VQ is the drop across the MOSFET when it is on. The following sections describe selection of components for a boost converter. + + PWM VIN VOUT + VIN -+ L L RLOAD + - VOUT + VIN -+ L RLOAD + - VOUT D1 D1 COUT COUT Q COUT 20 LM3481, LM3481-Q1 SNVS346F –NOVEMBER 2007–REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Product Folder Links: LM3481 LM3481-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright ? 2007–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Typical Applications (continued) A. First Cycle of Operation B. Second Cycle of Operation Figure 31. Simplified Boost Converter Diagram 8.2.1.1 Design Requirements To properly size the components for the application, the designer needs the following parameters: Input voltage range, output voltage, output current range and required switching frequency. These four main parameters will affect the choices of component available to achieve a proper system behavior. 8.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure 8.2.1.2.1 Custom Design with WEBENCH Tools Click here to create a custom design using the LM3481 device with the WEBENCH? Power Designer. 1. Start by entering your VIN, VOUT and IOUT requirements. 2. Optimize your design for key parameters like efficiency, footprint and cost using the optimizer dial and compare this design with other possible solutions from Texas Instruments. 3. WEBENCH Power Designer provides you with a customized schematic along with a list of materials with real time pricing and component availability. 4. In most cases, you will also be able to: – Run electrical simulations to see important waveforms and circuit performance, – Run thermal simulations to understand the thermal performance of your board, – Export your customized schematic and layout into popular CAD formats, – Print PDF reports for the design, and share your design with colleagues. 5. Get more information about WEBENCH tools at /webench. 8.2.1.2.2 Power Inductor Selection The inductor is one of the two energy storage elements in a boost converter. Figure 32 shows how the inductor current varies during a switching cycle. The current through an inductor is quantified as: